七十年砥砺前行，新中国的变化世界有目共睹

1949年10月1日，第一面五星红旗在天安门广场上冉冉升起，54门礼炮齐鸣28响。

人民领袖毛泽东庄严宣布：“同胞们，中华人民共和国中央人民政府在今天成立了!”

这一段振奋人心的历史，成为每一位中国人心中的骄傲。

解读中国工作室推出系列短片《中国共产党与人民同行》，让我们一同走进那段风云变幻的历史，感受中国共产党百年来艰苦卓绝的奋斗历程和取得的辉煌成就！

第三集《时代的起点 重新再造一个新中国》

在新中国成立后的一段时期，西方的中国研究专家们关注到一个很有意思的事情。

英国知名专栏作家、前伦敦市副市长约翰·罗斯说到：

那就是在这一时期（1949年—1978年），中国人的预期寿命有了大幅增长。在毛泽东仍旧健在的27年里，中国人均寿命年均增长一年多，每年都有所增加，这在人类历史上从未见过。这让人震惊。因此，改革开放前30年，不仅是关于中国民族独立的这个老问题得到了解决，中国人民的生活条件也有了较大改善。

During the 27 years in which Mao Zedong was alive, the chronological life expectancy increased by more than one year, for each year there is a power, that has never been anything like that in human history. This was astonishing. So in this period, not merely were old problems of China’s national self-determination solved but the social living conditions of people developed immeasurably.

除去生活水平的提升之外，新中国的工业化建设也得到了快速发展。

长久以来，似乎像中国那样的国家都被（西方）视为无法进行工业化建设，无法与西方国家竞争等等。但是我们看到，自二十世纪中期，在1949年革命时期，也是亚洲许多地方结束殖民统治的时期，我们看到世界发生了变化，建立起了一种新的可能，即世界不一定为西方所主宰，西方只占人类的一小部分。

For a long time, it looked as if countries like China just could not industrialize and could not compete with the western countries and so on. But we’ve seen, since the middle of the twentieth century, you know, with the time of 1949 revolution, but also the end of colonialism in many parts in Asia and so on, we saw the world change to create a new sort of possibility that the world did not have to be dominated by the west, which was a small fraction of humanity.

“回顾过往，我们看到新的可能出现在二战结束后的那段重要时期里”，英国剑桥大学政治学与国际问题高级研究员、知名作家马丁•雅克这样说到：

中国的变革取得了成功，这意味着像中国这样的大国可以从贫穷和落后走向经济现代化，获得新的生机活力。

Looking back now, we can see that possibility, opening up from crucial period at the end of the second world war. And now with China’s success with the reform period and so on, what that means is that a huge country like China can go from great backwardness to economic modernization and vitality and dynamism.

新的历史时期自然有新的社会面貌，新中国的变化全世界有目共睹。

新中国更强调妇女权利、新秩序建设、闲置工业产能开发，如“三线建设”。这些都有助于邓小平时代的市场经济发展。

More emphasis on the rights of woman, the female rights, more emphasis on the new system, more help with the spared industrial capacity, even like the “Sanxian”, the third front project. All those source seems very helpful for the development of the market economy in the Deng Xiaoping era.

新加坡国立大学东亚研究所所长郑永年可以说是研究中国问题的专家，他对学者的身份有着独到的理解：

因此我认为作为学者，我们不应该受意识形态左右，应该更关注事实，研究两个时代、两个历史阶段（改革开放前30年和后30年）的相关性，了解我们所做选择的原因，而不应该仅仅因为身处其他意识形态而妄加批判。历史就是历史，我们需要以更为客观的眼光看待它。

So I would say as a scholar, we really cannot be, our view cannot be, you know, affected by ideologies. We have to look into facts, how those two eras, two historical stages are connected, you know, to get what we choose from it. Not just simply criticize it when following another. That’s because history is history, we have to look at history in a more objective way.

历史前行的脚步从来不曾停歇，唯有客观和理性，正视成就或是失败，才能继续前行。

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