你看过《我是至尊》《飞剑问道》吗？这些中国网络小说收割了一波外国忠粉！| 外媒说

你看过《斗罗大陆》吗？看过《凡人修仙传》吗？也许书中的“废柴逆袭”、“闷声种田发大财”、“人见人爱，花见花开”的桥段你已经耳熟能详。

但是你知道吗？这些在有些人眼里难登大雅之堂的中国网络小说却已经冲出国门，以其内容和结构都迥异于西方奇幻文学的特点吸引了大批国外忠实粉丝。

不信？来看！

图源: wuxiaworld.com

1

中国网络小说迷倒众多“老外”

新加坡《海峡时报》以“中国武侠和奇幻小说在美走红”为题，介绍了一家成立于2014年，收录了多部中国网络小说的美国网站武侠世界（wuxiaworld.com）。

根据分析全球网站流量和排名的Alexa统计显示，武侠世界的流量在美国所有网站中排名进入了1200名以内，读者遍及全球近百个国家和地区，其中美国读者占了近1/3，其余则主要来自南美、欧洲和南亚。

图源: Alexa

我们从网站里挑选一部作品《斗破苍穹》(Battle Through the Heavens)为例，全书到完结时，共有1648章，每一章结尾时，都有读者在讨论区热烈讨论。

有认真讨论剧情走向的：

有和国内一样灌水抢沙发的：

也有在完结时表示依依不舍和感谢的：

面对这个蓬勃发展、潜力巨大的市场，国内坐拥起点中文网等强大中文阅读资源的阅文集团也在2017年面向海外读者正式上线了海外版站点——起点国际(webnovel.com)。

图源：起点国际

根据菲律宾《马尼拉公报》(Manila Bulletin)的报道：

The total number of unique visitors of Webnovel has exceeded 20 million. Thirty percent of Webnovel's global readers are Filipino readers. As of November 2018, there are around 1,000 Filipino authors who have already uploaded their original titles.

起点国际目前已经上线了超过200部原创小说，单独访问量已经超过2千万次，其中30%的海外读者来自菲律宾。截至2018年11月，已经有大约1000名菲律宾作者在网站上传了原创小说。

Global banking and finance则这样报道：

International readers enjoy works likeThe King's Avatar,Release That WitchandLibrary of Heaven's Path.

海外读者非常喜欢像《全职高手》、《放开那个女巫》和《天道图书馆》这样的小说。

Using Heng Sao Tian Ya's Library of Heaven's Pathas an example, in just a few months of being released, it has accumulated more than 50 million reading counts. It has also been added to the libraries of more than 200,000 users and the most number of comments in a single chapter it has garnered exceeded a thousand.

用“横扫天涯”的《天道图书馆》举个例子，在上线的几个月里，它就已经累积了5000万次以上的阅读量，还被收录在20万读者图书馆中，并创下了单章评论超1000个的傲人成绩。

In addition, books like I am SupremeandSeeking the Flying Sword Pathwere simultaneously released in both Chinese and English, becoming a successful example of China online literature being timely translated.

此外，像《我是至尊》和《飞剑问道》等同时上线了中文版和英文版的网络小说，创造了中文网络文学即时翻译的成功案例。

《我是至尊》目前已经在起点国际上传了834章，累计阅读人次超过700万

2

中国式“爽文”何以走红全球

在惊叹网络小说国内外“通吃”，收获了一大批歪果仁粉丝的同时，CD君也忍不住疑惑，中国网络小说如何跨越语言和文化的双重鸿沟，从而吸引到一大批国外拥趸呢？

在美国知名娱乐社交网站reddit上，有网友解答了“为什么中式仙侠小说如此吸引人”的问题：

Xianxiastories draw from a deep well of myths and legends, specifically from Taoist, Buddhist and Confucian traditions. This results in a set of morals and cultural assumptions that are completely foreign to the literature that most of us are probably familiar with.

仙侠类小说源自神话传说，特别是道教、佛教和儒家传统。这导致了一系列道德和文化假设，这些假设对我们大多数人熟悉的文化背景来说是完全陌生的。

Rather than familiar concepts of "good" and "evil", the heroes of Chinese fantasy are judged on their success at achieving their own interests and the interests of their family. Just for the cultural differences alone, it's worth reading one or two of these stories solely for the chance to look at things from another perspective.

比起我们熟悉的“好”与“坏”的判断标准，中式幻想的英雄更多是以最终能否实现自己的目标或者是实现家族利益来做价值判断。所以仅仅为了我们之间的文化差异，和从另一个角度看待事物的机会，就值得阅读几个这样的故事了。

Taoist and Buddhist mythological traditions have a long history of stories and tales to draw from, so in addition to the familiar magic swords and spells that are so prevalent in western fiction, characters in Xianxianovels fly around on enchanted fans or weaver's shuttles, summon monsters out of painted scrolls, tame vicious giant insects, cultivate carnivorous plants, entangle enemies with specially braided fly-whisks... the sheer variety and the unfamiliar cultural basis together ensure thatXianxiacharacters are always doing something new and interesting.

道教和佛教神话传统有悠久的故事和大量的素材可供借鉴，所以除了西方小说中流行的魔剑和法术之外，仙侠小说中的人物还会利用魔法扇或者飞梭飞来飞去，用彩绘卷轴召唤怪物、驯服剧毒的巨型昆虫、培育食肉植物、用特制的拂尘困住敌人......纯粹的多样性和不熟悉的文化基础使得小说中的仙侠人物总是做着新鲜有趣的事情。

Additionally, the differing assumptions about what constitutes good vs evil means that you can see noble and heroic poison specialists, socially respected warriors that get power from slaughter, heroes that have legions of undead at their command... so for anyone looking for something new and interesting to read, it's definitely an interesting genre to dig into.

此外，对于构成善与恶的不同假设意味着你可以在小说中看到高尚而英勇的毒药专家、从杀戮中获得权力的战士、拥有大批亡灵军团的英雄......所以对于任何想寻找新鲜有趣阅读内容的人来说，中式仙侠小说绝对是一个值得深入挖掘的类型。

也有网友从角色个性来分析：

For example, compare Meng Hao to Sherlock Holmes. After his first couple of adventures, Holmes doesn't really change or grow. He's just as intelligent, just as skilled, and is simply moving through a series of adventures without much personal growth.

例如，将孟浩（注：《我欲封天》主角）与福尔摩斯进行比较。在他的第一次冒险之后，福尔摩斯并没有真正改变或成长。他一直那样聪明和技术娴熟，只是在没有太多个人成长的情况下进行一系列冒险。

Meng Hao on the other hand has a distinct character growth. At every stage he learns something new that changes him as as character, and he always, always gets more powerful.

另一方面，孟浩则有着鲜明的性格成长。在每一个阶段，他都会学到一些新的东西，使他的性格变得更加丰富，而且他总是在变得更加强大。

3

网文“出海”步伐不断加速，催生“粉丝经济”

中国网络小说在海外赢得了大批粉丝，也催生了独属于网络文学的“粉丝经济”，很多国外读者已经开始创作自己的网络小说；而除此之外，网络小说改编的电视剧也异军突起。

图源：互联网

根据NBDPress的报道，在中国网络小说的启发下，很多外国作者也投身到创作热潮中：

Moloxiv, a doctor and web novel creator in Singapore, said that previously he had to search translations on different sites since each of them offered only part of the whole story, which to him was a troublesome and tiring experience.

Moloxiv，一名来自新加坡的医生和网络小说作者，在谈及为何开始创作小说的原因时提到，为了看全小说，他必须在不同的网站上搜索翻译章节，因为每家网站都只提供整个故事的一部分，对他来说这是一个麻烦和累人的经历。

Asiaone.com则报道了中国网络小说在国外的实体出版情况：

图：《将夜》(Night Fall) 在起点国际的页面

In bookstores across Thailand, online novels penned by Chinese authors, including Jiang YeandThe Chinese Detective, have been on the bestseller list for a long time.

在泰国各地的书店里，包括《将夜》和《中国侦探》在内的中国网络小说长期以来一直位居畅销榜前列。

Interestingly, although the country's book readers have traditionally overwhelmingly been women, once Chinese online novels entered the Thai book market, fantasy and martial arts novels started to attract a large number of male readers.

有趣的是，虽然这类奇幻小说的读者一直以来以女性为主，但当中国网络小说进入泰国图书市场之后，此类小说也开始吸引大量的男性读者。

Sales of Chinese literary works have visibly shown growth in the Thai market. In some cases, many diehard fans couldn't wait for the publishers to complete the translations, and undertook the job of translating the Chinese originals themselves. Privately organized subtitling groups have taken on the role of representing such readers.

中国网络小说已经显示了其在泰国市场上强劲的增长速度。许多小说的死忠粉有时等不及出版社翻译原作，于是就自己承担了翻译工作。大量私人字幕组代表了这一读者群体。

Reports show that Siam Inter Multimedia, with more than 20 years of experience in translating and publishing Chinese novels, are now rolling out 10 to 12 Chinese novels in Thailand a year, and are achieving remarkable sales, accounting for up to 70 percent of their total sales revenues.

报告显示，有长达20年的中国小说翻译出版经验的暹罗国际多媒体集团，目前每年能出版10到12部中国小说，这些小说的销售额能占集团总销售额的70%以上。

英国《卫报》报道了网络小说改编剧《扶摇传》在海外播出后，在全世界受到广泛关注。

图：《扶摇传》剧照

The show, which first aired on Zhejiang TV from June to August, is based on the novel Empress Fuyaoby Tianxia Guiyuan and focuses on Meng Fuyao, a servant with magical powers who was brought up in a martial arts clan. She journeys across five mythical kingdoms trying to unravel the mystery behind her innate powers.

这部电视剧首先于2018年6月到8月间在中国浙江卫视上映，基于天下归元的作品《扶摇皇后》改编，主要讲述了孟扶摇，一名身负神奇力量的少女，为解开她天生的力量背后的神秘面纱而穿越五个神话般的王国的历险故事。

However, the series has not just been a hit in China, it has attracted millions of fans across Asia and also has followers worldwide.

该剧不仅在中国受到欢迎，还吸引了亚洲乃至全球数百万粉丝。

Its success as an online show testifies not only to the novel's massive appeal. It is also one of several examples showing that China's online literature has extended its reach beyond the local market.

它作为网播剧的成功不仅证明了原著小说的巨大吸引力，也表明中国的网络文学影响力已成功扩展到本地市场之外。

看到中国网络小说成功“走出去”的例子，也难怪彭博社发表文章，惊呼“中国从盈利性上重新发现了文学”。

那么，你对中国网络小说有些什么看法呢？快来评论区留言吧！

编辑：黄静玮 高泽阳

责任编辑：张睿

统筹策划：庹燕南 张曦

联合监制：沈斌

监制：柯荣谊

来源：新加坡《海峡时报》、菲律宾《马尼拉公报》、英国《卫报》、reddit

中国日报新媒体中心

中国日报国际传播研究室

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