BP英国石油在华业务的前世今生

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相关背景及链接

《外商投资准入特别管理措施（负面清单）（2018年版）》修订说明

5年1000座，BP引领加油站转型

专家点评观点

2018年6月28日，国家发展改革委、商务部发布了《外商投资准入特别管理措施（负面清单）（2018年版）》，自2018年7月28日起施行。

其中，取消同一外国投资者设立超过30家分店、销售来自多个供应商的不同种类和品牌成品油的连锁加油站建设、经营须由中方控股的限制。前不久，BP宣布了五年内在中国建设1000座加油站的大手笔。

BP在华业务的大手笔，直接或间接地都带有约翰·布朗勋爵的个人深刻烙印，也体现了BP英国石油公司勤于制定游戏规则和擅长交易贸易的基因。

▪浙江/广东经济富裕两省近千座的加油站（中石油中石化上市时，BP作为IPO投资人，做了金融机构该做的事）；

▪中国第一座也是规模最大的液化天然气接收站广东大鹏LNG接收站（BP作为再气化接收站的投资人并合资运营，也不是石油公司传统的做法。还有国货国运、国船国造的参与）；

▪中国槽车业务的重要参与者深圳大鹏（国际石油公司很少参与LNG终端销售业务）；

▪南海崖城13-1气田（中国海上曾经最大气田，该合作气田燃气香港）；

▪中国唯一航油合资公司的外方（深圳和广州两大机场的合资航油供应及20个多机场的供油或技术服务，以及入股当年陷入困境的中航油新加坡）；

▪上海赛科石化（中外合资的典范），总投资逾30亿美元；

▪嘉实多润滑油（每一滴基础油和添加剂基本都是外采，但是配方和品牌在《速度与激情8》淋漓尽致地展现）；

▪上游四川页岩气项目（在外资纷纷退出陆上上游新项目时，BP逆流而上接手三家外资先后退出的页岩气区块，而且创新了合作模式，中国公司第一次在大规模对外合作油气项目上做作业者）；

▪东明石化合作（BP率先签署中国民企进口原油长约第一单，与东明石化建立加油站合资公司）；

▪珠海PTA化工厂、南京和重庆醋酸化工厂的运作...

无一不是在向这位曾经的CEO致敬：不一样的约翰·布朗！

OilChem Insights

On June 28th, 2018, National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the Ministry of Commerce released Special Administrative Measures on Access to Foreign Investment (Negative List) (2018 Version), which will become effective on July 28th, 2018.

Among them, the restriction that the construction and operation by the same foreign investor of the gas chain stations with branches of more than 30 and sales of different types and brands of refined oil from multiple suppliers must be controlled by the Chinese side was lifted. Not long ago, BP announced the construction of 1,000 gas stations in China within five years.

The major business decisions of BP in China have been thoroughly influenced by Lord John Brown directly or indirectly, which also show the inherent advantages of BP to set game rules and do trading business.

▪Roughly one thousand gas stations in two wealthy provinces Zhejiang and Guangdong:

In support of PetroChina and Sinopec going public, as an IPO investor, BP did what the financial institutions should have done.

▪Guangdong Dapeng LNG regasification receiving terminal, which is the first and largest one in China:

BP is the investor and joint operator of the regasification receiving terminal, which is not a traditional business scope of oil majors. The project started the trend of “Chinese cargoes shipped by China-crewed and China-built vessels” movement.

▪Shenzhen Dapeng, an major trucked LNG player in China:

International oil majors rarely take part in the LNG retail business.

▪South China Sea Yacheng 13-1 gas field:

It was once the largest offshore gas field, supplying natural gas to Hong Kong.

▪The foreign party of the jet fuel joint ventures in China:

It supplies jet fuel and/or technical services to the two largest airports in China, Shenzhen and Guangzhou airports, as well as 20 other airports, and invested in the once financially troubled China Aviation Oil (Singapore).

▪Shanghai SECCO Petrochemical Company:

It is a role model of joint venture between China and other countries, with the total investments exceeding 3 billion U.S. dollars.

▪Castrol Lubricant:

Every drop of base oil and additive are outsourced from the market, but its formula and brand are top rated as showing in the movie Fast and Furious 8.

▪Upstream shale gas projects in Sichuan province:

When other foreign investors withdrew from upstream projects, BP took over two shale gas blocks from three other foreign oil companies and created a new cooperation model, which is the first time that a Chinese company is the operator in a large scale foreign invested oil and gas projects.

▪Cooperation with Dongming Petrochemical:

BP signed the first long-term contract for crude oil import with Chinese private company, and planned to build gas station joint ventures with Dongming Petrochmical.

▪The operation of Zhuhai PTA plant and Nanjing and Chongqing acetic acid plant……

Every single project is more or less paying tribute to the former CEO, the special John Brown!

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