西班牙位居世界最健康国家之首

彭博社的《最健康国家指数》将西班牙评为2019年全球最健康国家，超过了意大利。健康的饮食习惯和地中海饮食是造成增加的主要原因。

彭博社的最新发现将西班牙列为世界上最健康的国家，这在很大程度上是由于该国倾向于食用含特级初榨橄榄油和坚果的 地中海饮食。

根据世界卫生组织，联合国人口司和世界银行的数据，2019年彭博社最健康国家指数对世界卫生组织169个州的整体健康状况进行了排名。

在健康变量（例如行为，环境和预期寿命）以及危险因素（例如肥胖症，高血压和吸烟）中分析了数据。

根据2017年彭博社的研究，西班牙跃升了五个名次以击败意大利，意大利曾是最健康的国家。西班牙的总体健康评分为92.8（满分100）。其他排名前10的国家是冰岛，日本，瑞士，瑞典，澳大利亚，新加坡，挪威和以色列。

研究人员假设，西班牙公民的特殊健康很大程度上归因于他们的饮食习惯。像意大利一样，西班牙一直坚持地中海饮食，侧重于特级初榨橄榄油和坚果，在预防重大心血管疾病方面，比低脂饮食更健康。

彭博社认为，这可能是日本等低脂饮食国家得分不高的原因之一。地中海饮食也被认为与健康的脑老化，抑郁症、中风女性、肥胖的风险较低。

西班牙还因其公共卫生系统而受到赞誉，特别是其对儿童，妇女和老年患者的预防保健的重视。根据欧洲卫生系统和政策观察站的统计，过去十年来，地中海国家的心血管疾病和癌症死亡人数有所下降。

根据联合国的数据，西班牙的预期寿命在欧盟中居首位，在全球排名第三，仅次于日本和瑞士。预计到2040年，西班牙平均出生的人的预期寿命将达到近86岁，这将是世界上最高的。

加拿大和美国在2019年彭博最健康国家指数中分别排在第16位和第35位。同时，古巴排名第三十，使其成为不被认为是世界上排名最高的国家。“高收入”，由世界银行的国家。

中国名列第五，而亚洲国家的预期 寿命到2040年将比美国高。在彭博研究中，撒哈拉以南国家与30个健康状况最差的国家中有27个与海地，阿富汗和也门一样。

原文如下：

The latest findings from Bloomberg have ranked Spain as the healthiest country in the world, largely due to the country’s tendency to consume a Mediterranean diet with extra virgin olive oil and nuts.

The 2019 Bloomberg Healthiest Country Index ranked 169 World Health Organization states for their overall health based on data from the World Health Organization, the United Nations Population Division and the World Bank.

Data was analyzed in the context of health variables, such as behavior, environment and life expectancy as well as risk factors, such as obesity, high blood pressure and tobacco use.

Spain jumped five places to beat out Italy, formerly the healthiest nation according to the 2017 Bloomberg study. Spain scored an overall health grade of 92.8 out of 100. Other top 10 countries were Iceland, Japan, Switzerland, Sweden, Australia, Singapore, Norway and Israel.

Researchers hypothesized that the exceptional health of Spain’s citizens was largely due to their eating habits. Like Italy, Spain’s adherence to the Mediterranean diet, with a focus on extra virgin olive oil and nuts, has been shown to be healthier than a low-fat diet in protecting against major cardiovascular events.

Bloomberg suggested this might be one reason countries with a low-fat diet, such as Japan, did not score quite as high. The Mediterranean diet has also been linked to healthy brain aging, lower risk of depression, lower risk of stroke in women, a lower risk of obesity and a host of other benefits.

Spain also earned praise for its public health system, notably its emphasis on preventative care for children, women and elderly patients. According to the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, the Mediterranean country has seen a decline in cardiovascular diseases and deaths from cancer over the last decade.

According to U.N. data, Spain enjoys the highest life expectancy in the E.U. and the third highest globally, behind Japan and Switzerland. By 2040, it is predicted that the average person born in Spain will have a life expectancy of almost 86 years at birth, which would be the highest in the world.

Canada and the United States came in sixteenth and thirty-fifth in the 2019 Bloomberg Healthiest Country Index, respectively. Meanwhile, Cuba ranked thirtieth, making it the highest-ranking nation that is not considered a “high income” country by the World Bank.

China came in fifty-second and the Asian country is expected to enjoy a higher life expectancy than the United States by the year 2040. Sub-Saharan nations represented 27 of the 30 least healthy nations in the Bloomberg study, along with Haiti, Afghanistan and Yemen.

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