一周热闻｜WHO 专家组飞抵武汉，朴槿惠累计获刑22年，新冠康复或可免疫5个月……

1

WHO team arrives in Wuhan for virus investigation

世卫组织病毒溯源小组抵达武汉

A team of experts from the World Health Organization arrived in Wuhan Thursday to probe① the origins of the coronavirus more than a year after it emerged, although two members were barred② from boarding a flight in Singapore after testing positive for virus antibodies. The international team of 13 scientists landed for their much-delayed mission, met by Chinese officials in hazmat suits and given throat swabs on arrival, and were whisked③ to a hotel where they must complete a two-week quarantine before starting their work. The WHO says establishing the pathway of the virus from animals to humans is essential to preventing future outbreaks. But despite painstaking months of negotiations over their remit, the team was blocked from arriving last week—a sign of the political sensitivity of a virus origin story muddied by recrimination④ between nations, conjecture⑤ and denials. (The Guardian)

1月14日，尽管两名成员在新加坡检测出病毒抗体阳性并被禁止登机，世界卫生组织的专家小组仍在疫情爆发一年多之后抵达武汉，开展新型冠状病毒的溯源工作。该国际专家小组由13名科学家组成，此行是为了完成已耽搁许久的任务。身穿防护服的中方官员在机场迎接专家小组，并为他们进行了咽拭子检测，随即将他们送至酒店——专家小组在正式开始工作前，必须在那里完成为期两周的隔离。世卫组织称，明确病毒由动物传播到人类的路径对日后的疫情防控至关重要。但是，尽管就世卫组织溯源小组的职权范围进行了数月的艰苦谈判，该小组还是未能于上周抵达武汉——各国之间的相互指责、猜疑和推诿表明了病毒溯源工作的政治敏感性。

【注释】

① probe: [prəʊb] v. to ask questions in order to find out secret or hidden information about sb/sth 探究，追问

② bar: [bɑː(r)] v. to ban or prevent sb from doing sth禁止，阻止

③ whisk: [wɪsk] v. to take sb/sth somewhere very quickly and suddenly 匆匆带走

④recrimination: [rɪˌkrɪmɪˈneɪʃn] n. an angry statement that sb makes accusing sb else of sth, especially in response to a similar statement from them 指责；反诉

⑤ conjecture: [kənˈdʒektʃə(r)] n. the forming of an opinion or idea that is not based on definite knowledge 揣测；臆测

(credit: news.cgtn.com)

2

South Korea’s former leader Park Geun-hye’s will serve 22 years in prison

韩国前总统朴槿惠累计获刑22年

South Korea’s highest court has upheld① former President Park Geun-hye’s 20-year prison sentence for her 2018 bribery conviction, ending a corruption scandal that has gripped② the country for years. Park was initially sentenced to 24 years in prison after she was found guilty on multiple counts of abuse of power, bribery and coercion. Park’s 2018 sentence was reduced to 20 years last July following a retrial. Prosecutors appealed that sentence and requested a heavier penalty. Park will have to serve 22 years behind bars—she faces an additional two-year prison term for a 2018 conviction for meddling③ in the nomination of candidates for Saenuri Party, a conservative political party previously led by her. South Korea’s presidential Blue House④ said in a statement Thursday, “We must make sure to take this unfortunate event—the imprisonment of the former President—as a historical lesson and avoid repeating it.” (CNN)

韩国最高法院维持了对前总统朴槿惠因2018年受贿案而判处20年有期徒刑的判决，结束了困扰该国多年的政治丑闻。朴槿惠因亲信干政、收受贿赂及非法干预选情，一审被判处24年有期徒刑。该案在2020年7月重审后，朴槿惠的刑期由2018年判处的24年减至20年。检察官对该判决提出上诉，要求加重刑罚。加上2018年因干预此前由她领导的保守党派新国家党候选人提名而获判2年刑期，她将在监狱累计服刑22年。韩国总统府青瓦台在1月14日发表声明强调：“我们必须保证将前总统被监禁这一不幸事件作为历史教训，避免重蹈覆辙。”

【注释】

① uphold: [ʌpˈhəʊld] v. to agree that a previous decision was correct or that a request is reasonable 维持，确认（原判、裁决等）

② grip: [ɡrɪp] v. to have a powerful effect on sb/sth 对…产生强有力的影响

③ meddle: [ˈmedl] v. to become involved in sth that does not concern you 干涉；干预

④ Blue House: 青瓦台，韩国总统官邸

(credit: reuters.com)

3

Support for Olympics hits new low in Japan

日本民众对东京奥运会支持率创新低

Support for holding the coronavirus-postponed Tokyo Olympics this summer has hit a new low in Japan, a poll① found Sunday as the country battles a third wave of infections. Tokyo 2020 organizers have said another delay is out of the question and are insisting the Games will go ahead despite a state of emergency declared in the greater Tokyo area this week over a surge in Covid-19 cases. In Sunday’s national telephone poll, around 35 percent of people told Kyodo② they favored outright③ cancellation④, while some 44.8% said the event should be postponed a second time. Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga said this week that Japan is committed to holding a “safe and secure” Olympics. He said he believed the public mood will change when the country begins vaccinations, currently scheduled for late February. (The Guardian)

1月10日的一项民意调查显示，由于第三波疫情来袭，因新冠疫情推迟的东京奥运会的支持率在日本再创新低。2020年东京奥运会组织者表示，不可能再推迟奥运会，并坚称，尽管本周新冠肺炎病例激增，大东京地区由此进入紧急状态，奥运会仍将如期举行。1月10日的全国电话民意调查中，约35%的受访者向共同社表示他们希望直接取消奥运会，44.8%的人支持再次推迟奥运会。日本首相菅义伟本周表示，日本致力于举办一届“安全可靠”的奥运会。他说，他相信，全国开始接种疫苗后，公众情绪会有所改变。目前，疫苗接种计划于2月底展开。

【注释】

① poll: [poʊl] n. the process of voting in an election投票，民意检测

② Kyodo: 日本共同通讯社

③ outright:[ˈaʊtraɪt] adv. completely and directly. 彻底地，直接地

④ cancellation:[ kænsəˈleɪʃn] n. the action of canceling something that has been arranged or planned. 取消

(Credit: jamaicaobserver.com)

4

Covid-19 infection grants immunity for five months

新冠肺炎患者康复后或可免疫5个月

People who have been infected with Covid-19 are likely to be protected against① catching it again for at least five months, according to a new study led by Public Health England (PHE). The study—which has not yet been peer reviewed—found that past infection was linked to an 83% lower risk of reinfection②, compared to people who have not been infected before. But researchers warned that the protection was not absolute, meaning some people do catch the virus again, and that it was unclear how long any immunity lasts. It is also possible that those who have a degree of immunity against the virus may still be able to carry the virus in their nose or throat and therefore transmit it to others. Susan Hopkins, senior medical adviser at PHE and co-leader③ of the study, stressed that people who had previously caught Covid-19 still needed to obey social distancing rules to avoid transmitting the disease. (CNN)

英国公共卫生署（PHE）引领的一项新的研究表明，新冠肺炎患者康复后可能至少5个月内不会再次感染。该研究尚未经过同行评议，研究结果表明，与从未感染过新冠肺炎病毒的人相比，这部分人再次感染的风险降低了83%。但研究人员警告说，这种保护并不是绝对的，有些人还是会再次感染该病毒，因为感染后免疫力持续多久并不确定。而且，对病毒具有一定程度免疫力的人，仍可能在其鼻腔或咽部携带病毒，从而将其传染给他人。该研究的联合负责人、PHE高级医学顾问苏珊·霍普金斯强调，感染过新冠肺炎病毒的人仍需遵守保持社交距离的防疫规定以避免传播疾病。

【注释】

① be protected against: 使免受……

② reinfection:[ˌriːɪn'fekʃən] n. the state of being infected again.【医】再感染

③ co-leader: [ˈkoʊˈlidɚ] n. 共同领导者；联合领导人

(credit: reuters.com)

5

Ireland’s “brutally misogynistic① culture” saw the death of 9,000 children in mother and baby homes

“残暴的厌女文化”致9000名儿童死于爱尔兰母婴之家

Nine thousand babies and children died in 18 of Ireland’s mother and baby homes—church-run institutions where unmarried women were forcibly② sent to deliver their babies in secret—from 1922 to 1998, announced the Commission of Investigation into Mother and Baby Homes and Certain Related Matters in a report as part of the final findings of its near six-year inquiry. One in seven of the 57,000 children born there didn’t survive long enough to leave the homes, yet no alarm was raised by the State over the high mortality rates③, even though it was “known to local and national authorities” and was “recorded in official publications,” the report found. Speaking on Tuesday, Taoiseach④ Micheál Martin said that the report “opens a window onto a deeply misogynistic culture in Ireland over several decades,” and that the report “reveals significant failures of the state and of society.” Martin also said that the conservative Catholic values of the time did “not diminish⑤ the responsibility of churches and state for the failures laid bare.”“The state’s duty of care was not upheld,” he said, addressing survivors. “The state failed you, mothers, and children in these homes.”(CNN)

“母婴之家及其相关事项调查委员会”近6年调查结果中的一份报告指出，1922年到1998年间，爱尔兰18个母婴之家有9000名婴儿和儿童死亡。这些“母婴之家”是教会开办的机构，为未婚孕妇秘密接生。报告发现，在爱尔兰母婴之家出生的5.7万名儿童中，有七分之一未等离开此地即离开人世，然而，面对如此高的死亡率，尽管“地方和国家当局都了解”并“有官方存档记录”，该国却从未给予任何形式警告。在1月12日的讲话中，爱尔兰总理米切阿尔·马丁表示，这份报告“打开了一扇揭露爱尔兰几十年来根深蒂固的厌女文化的窗口”，并“将国家和社会的严重失职暴露无遗”。马丁还说，当时保守的天主教价值观“并没有减少教会和国家的直接责任”。他对幸存者们说：“国家没有尽到看管义务，辜负了你们，辜负了母婴之家的母亲和孩子。”

【注释】

① misogynistic: [ mɪˌsɑːdʒɪˈnɪstɪk] adj. involve or show a strong dislike of women （态度、行为）厌恶女性的

② forcibly: [ˈfɔrsəbli] adv. in a way that involves The use of physical force 用强力，用武力

③ morality rate: death rate 死亡率

④ Taoiseach: [ˈtiːʃək] n. The Prime Minister of the Irish republic 爱尔兰共和国总理

⑤ diminish: [dɪˈmɪnɪʃ] v. to become or make something become smaller, weaker, etc.减少；使（减弱），降低

(credit: cnn.com)

6

As end to pandemic mask-wearing nears, South Koreans scramble to arrange cosmetic surgery

口罩即将退场，韩国再掀整容狂潮

When Ryu Han-na, a 20-year-old university student, got cosmetic surgery on her nose in mid-December, she had a simple reason: it might be the last chance to do so covertly① before people start taking off masks this year as vaccines are distributed. Ryu, who has been attending her courses online throughout 2020, said the ability to recuperate② at home and wear a mask in public without drawing attention were deciding factors. “I always wanted to get a nose job ... I thought it would be the best to get it now before people start taking off masks when vaccines become available in 2021,” she said as she prepared for the 4.4 million won ($4,013) procedure. Cosmetic surgeons say patients are interested in all parts of the face: those that can be easily hidden under masks, such as the nose and lips, as well as those that face coverings don’t conceal③, which some consider the criteria of beauty in the coronavirus era. (Yahoo)

20岁大学生柳汉娜12月中旬做了鼻子整容术，理由很简单：今年，随着新冠疫苗推广，人们将摘下口罩，这可能是此前最后一次秘密做手术的机会了。2020年，柳汉娜一整年都在网上上课。她表示，现在做整容手术的决定因素是：能够在家进行术后恢复，且在公共场合戴口罩不会引起注意。她为这个手术准备了440万韩元（合4013美元），并且说：“我一直想整整鼻子……2021年疫苗上市后人们就可以摘下口罩了，我认为那之前应该是做手术的最佳时机。”整形外科医生表示，客户对面部的所有部位都感兴趣：那些易被口罩遮盖的部位，如鼻子和嘴唇；还有那些没被口罩掩盖的部位，有人认为那是新冠病毒时代的美丽标准。

【注释】

① covertly: ['kʌvətlɪ] adv. without being openly acknowledged or displayed; secretly 秘密地，偷偷摸摸地

② recuperate: [rɪˈkuːpəreɪt] v. to recover from illness or exertion 恢复，复原

③ conceal: [kənˈsiːl] v. to keep from sight; hide 隐匿，隐瞒

(credit: koreatimes.co.kr)

北京化工大学

胡雪涓、澳提库尔·艾尼瓦尔、李佳欣编译

王润泽朗读

张菊审订