学霸笔记：人教版八下 unit 7 基础练习+能力提升（开学必备）

Unit7What’s the highest mountain in the world

Section A

基础闯关全练

拓展训练

Ⅰ.比较级与最高级专练

1.(四川成都中考)Jim studies better than Tom, but Tom is and he has more friends.

A. friendlyB. more friendlyC. the most friendly

1.答案　B 句意:吉姆比汤姆学习成绩更好,但是汤姆(对人)更友好,他有更多的朋友。由句中的studies better以及more friends,可知要用形容词friendly的比较级more friendly,意为“更友好的”。故选B。

2.(北京中考)The hotel is very old. It’s one of buildings in the city

A. oldB. olderC. oldestD. the oldest

2.答案　D考查形容词的用法。根据题干中的one of以及buildings可知该题考查形容词的最高级用法。故选D。

3.(广东中考)It’s believed that playing computer games too much does harm than good.

A. manyB. muchC. moreD. most

3.答案　C考查形容词的比较等级。由后面的than可知用比较级形式。故选C。

4.(湖南株洲中考)Thomas is the player in the basketball team but he is the best.

A. shorterB. shortC. shortest

4.答案　C句意:托马斯是篮球队中最矮的队员,但是他是最优秀的。根据in the basketball team比较范围的确定,可知应使用形容词最高级。故选C。

5.(贵州黔东南中考)—I’m too fat. How can I become healthier?

—You should eat vegetables and take exercise.

A. less; moreB. less; less

C. more; moreD. more; less

5.答案　C句意:——我太胖了,我怎样才能变得更健康呢?——你应该多吃蔬菜多锻炼。根据题意可知第一个空用many的比较级more,第二个空用much的比较级more。故选C。

Ⅱ.填入一个适当的词补全对话,每空一词。

(黑龙江哈尔滨四十七中月考)

A:Zhang Wei, look at all those beautiful trees.

B:I wonder if they will be here in five years.

A:1 makes you think that?

B:They say that people cut down thousands of trees every day.

A:That’s sad. What’s the reason 2 that?

B:There are many reasons. Some people cut down trees to clear land for buildings. 3do it to make paper and furniture.

A:I guess they will keep doing it to make money.

B:True, Mike. But to me, nothing is more important 4 protecting nature.

A:I 5 with you on that point.

1.2.3.4.5.

答案　

1.What2. for3. Others4. than5. agree

Ⅲ.短文填空

(江西吉安吉州樟山中学月考)

请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,每个词限用一次。

alsothatwhyshowcover

highconditionrunfirstpopular

Qomolangma—the Most Dangerous Mountain in the World?

One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most 1 places for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas 2 along the southwestern part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous. It is 8,844.43 meters 3 and so is very dangerous to climb. Thick clouds 4 the top and snow can fall very hard. Even more serious difficulties include(包括) freezing weather 5 and heavy storms. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.

The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29, 1953.The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the 6 woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975.

7 do so many climbers risk(冒险)their lives? One of the main reasons is 8 people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. The spirit(精神)of these climbers 9 us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. It 10 shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

答案　1.popular2.run3.high4.cover5.conditions

6.first7.Why8.that9. shows10.also

能力提升全练

拓展训练

Ⅰ.阅读还原

(山东德州中考)

阅读短文,从短文下面方框中的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中,使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。

In Australia there is a famous island called Fraser Island.A great many visitors come here for holidays every year. Why? The reason is that it is special.(1).In fact,it is the largest sand island in the world. It’s about 200 kilometers long and 240 kilometers wide.

Though the island is a popular place of interest, there is no airport on the island.The long beach along the east coast works as a airport.(2).

On the island there are sand hills without any plants,but there are forests with old trees, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes,too.(3).

Every year,visitors come to enjoy the island’s natural beauty.People like camping and hiking there. (4).Animals were killed for food and this made them in danger of extinction(灭绝).They threw rubbish everywhere, and the lakes were seriously polluted.

(5).Rules have been set up. For example,visitors are not allowed to use motorboats (摩托艇)or go fishing in the lakes,and they mustn’t leave any rubbish.

A.Planes arrive and leave from here

B.Anyone who breaks the rules will be punished

C.The island is completely made of sand

D.Unluckily,visitors have caused many problems

E.Many kinds of birds and animals live in the forests

F.So it is time to protect the environment of the island

答案　1—5CAEDF

Ⅱ.阅读短文内容,完成下列任务

(河北廊坊文安期末)

Singapore(新加坡)is in Southeast Asia. It is not far from China.(1)Singapore is an English-speaking country, but more than three quarters of its population are Chinese.They speak both Putonghua and English.

(2)In Singapore you can enjoy different kinds of food. Whether you like Chinese food, Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you can find it all in Singapore!

Singapore has a Night Safari. If you go to see lions, tigers, or foxes during the daytime, they may fall asleep.(3)But a lot of animals only (醒来)at night. So at the Night Safari, you can watch these animals in a more natural environment than in a normal zoo.

The temperature in Singapore is almost the same throughout the year. This is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go any time you like—in the spring, summer, autumn or winter.

1.将文中画线句子(1)翻译成汉语。

2.对文中句子(2)画线处提问,一空一词。

of food you enjoy in Singapore?

3.根据汉语提示,把文中句子(3)补充完整。

But a lot of animals only (醒来)at night.

4.Do Chinese visitors have a lot of language problems in Singapore?

5.If I want to visit Singapore,which season is the best?

答案

1.新加坡是一个说英语的国家,但是超过四分之三的人口是中国人。

2.What kinds;can

3.wake up

4.No, they don’t.

5.You can choose to go any time you like—in the spring, summer, autumn or winter.

Section B

基础闯关全练

拓展训练

Ⅰ.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词

1.The young man is interested in medical (研究).

2.The fans cried with (激动) when they saw the famous soccer player.

3.An (成年的) elephant weighs about 2,000 kilos.

4.Everyone should do something to protect (野生的) animals.

5.We have little (油). Please buy some on your way home.

答案　1.research2.excitement3.adult4.wild5.oil

Ⅱ.单项选择

1.(甘肃白银中考) It’s said that the year is the ever.

A. warmB. warmth C. warmerD. warmest

1.答案　D考查形容词最高级的用法。句意:据说年是至今最热的一年。由语义可知此处应用最高级形式。故选D。

2.(江苏江阴暨阳中学月考)This is best film I have ever seen. This means I have never seen better one.

A. the; theB. the; aC. a; aD./; the

2.答案　B句意:这是我曾经看过的最好看的一部电影。意思就是说我从没看过一部更好的了。best是最高级,前面要用the;better前用冠词a,表示“更好的一部”,是泛指,故答案选B。

3.(湖南永州中考) —Why do many people buy things online on Nov. 11th?

—Because there are so many sales, and the prices are .

A. much lowerB. more cheapC. more expensive

3.答案　A句意:——为什么11月11日那天很多人在网上买东西呢?——因为有如此多的促销,并且价格便宜得多。形容价格低应用low,故选A。

4.(新疆乌鲁木齐七十中期中)Before the stars are able to be real zookeepers,they need to learn.

A.to do what to care for animals

B.What to care for animals

C.how should they care for animals

D.how to care for animals

4.答案　D考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序,排除C项;且由句意可知他们需要去学习如何照顾动物,用“疑问词+不定式”结构表达。故答案选D。

5.(安徽淮南潘集区月考联考)An adult panda more than 12 hours a dayabout 10 kilos of bamboo.

A. spend; eatB. spends; eats

C.spend; eatingD. spends; eating

5.答案　D句意:一只成年熊猫每天花费多于12个小时的时间吃大约10千克的竹子。spend... (in) doing sth.“花费……做某事”。

Ⅲ.根据短文内容,完成表格中所缺的信息,每空不超过三个单词

Trees are greatly useful to man in three very important ways. The first important way is that they provide food, wood and other products. Trees provide not only man with food, but also many animals with food. Without trees, many animals couldn’t live on the earth.

The second important way is that trees give us shade (阴凉处). On a hot summer day, people are looking forward to having a rest under the shade of a tree after they have walked a long way. You can imagine how important the shade of a tree is to man and to animals.

The third important way is that trees help to stop drought (旱灾) and floods (水灾). However, many people cut down trees in large numbers. There will be fewer trees in the future. People should protect trees, or they will find that they have lost the best friends they had in the end.

Trees are useful to man in 　1 important ways.

◆Trees provide man with 　2, wood and other products.

◆Trees give man shade on a 　3 summer day.

◆Trees help to 　4 drought and floods.

◆If people don’t protect trees, they will find they have lost 　5 they had.

1.2.3.4.5.

答案

1.three (very)2.food3.hot4.stop5.the best friends

能力提升全练

拓展训练

Ⅰ.阅读还原

(河北邯郸育华中学月考)

　　请仔细阅读第1—5题,从A到F六个选项中选出符合各段主题的句子,其中一项为多余选项。

A. You should let your cat inside.

B. Going outside is bad for cats, too.

C. Keeping a cat is good for you.

D. The birds are fewer and fewer in America.

E. Cats can bring illness.

F. Cats kill many birds and small animals every year.

Many kinds of birds live in the United States, but the number of the birds is becoming smaller every year. One of the leading reasons is the growing number of pet cats. By keeping your pet cats in your home, you can help give birds a better possible chance to live.

Of the 90 million pet cats in this country, about two-thirds are allowed to go outside. It is said that these cats kill hundreds of millions of birds each year as well as billions of small animals such as rabbits and field mice.

They can also bring illness to the animals that live in people’s yard, and further weakening(变弱)the health of the natural populations.

Allowing pet cats to go outside is not just bad for birds and wildlife(野生动物). It is bad for the cats themselves, too. Outdoor cats can get sick very easily. They may be in danger from traffic and attacks(攻击) from other animals. In fact, outdoor cats usually don’t pass the age of five, while indoor cats often live to be 17 or older.

Keep your pet cat inside! If you raise a young cat, it’s your duty to let it play inside.

Ⅰ.答案　1—5DFEBA

Ⅱ.阅读填空

(江苏宜兴期末)

通读短文,然后根据短文内容,在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词,每空一词。

There are over 37,000 known kinds of spiders (蜘蛛)in different shapes (形状)and sizes in the world.The largest spiders live in the rain forests of South America and are known as the “bird-eating” spiders. These spiders can grow up to 28cm long and they eat small birds.The smallest spiders are from Western Samoa.These tiny spiders are less than 0.5mm long. They live in the plants that grow on mountain rocks.

Some people like to keep spiders as pets,but most people don’t like touching them.A great number of people are afraid of them,mainly because of their poison—something that will cause death or harm.However,only thirty kinds of spiders are very dangerous to humans.Spiders are good for humans and they can catch and eat bad insects.

Spiders are different from other animals because they make webs to catch the small insects for food.The special silk of a spider’s web is light and strong—five times stronger than steel.Some people have tried to raise spiders in order to collect their silk,but no one has ever made it. One reason is that it takes 670,000 spiders to produce half a kilo of silk, and all of these spiders need living insects for their food. Also, spiders usually need to be kept alone.

All in all, people are amazed to learn that there are so many secrets in spiders!

Title:Some facts about spiders

Introduction to spiders

●The largest spiders live in the rain forests of South America and feed on small　1.

●The smallest spiders live in the plants that grow on mountain rocks.

People’s misunderstanding about spiders

Many people 　2spiders because spiders have poison. In fact,most kinds of spiders are not 　3to humans.Spiders catch and eat bad insects.

Something about their webs

●Spiders catch food by 　4webs.

●The silk of its web is light and strong, but a spider cannot produce 　5silk.

答案　1. birds2. dislike3. harmful/dangerous4.making5. much

Ⅲ.任务型阅读

(甘肃白银平川四中期末)

If you go into the forest with friends, stay with them.If you don’t, you may get lost. If you do get lost, this is what you should do.

Sit down and stay where you are. Don’t try to find your friends. Let them find you. You can help them to find you by staying in one place.

There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. Give them a signal(信号), shouting or whistling (吹口哨) three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help.

Keep on shouting or whistling, always three times together. When people hear you, they will give two shouts or two whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help.

If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a small room with branches(树枝).

What should you do if you get hungry or need drinking water? You would have to leave your little branch room to look for something to eat and drink. Don’t just walk away. Pick up small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back.

The most important thing to do when you are lost—stay in one place.

根据文章内容判断正(T)、误(F)。

()1.If you get lost in the forest, you should walk everywhere to find your friends as soon as possible(尽快).

()2.You can keep on shouting or whistling always three times together for help.

()3.When you hear two shouts or whistles, you know that people will come to help you.

()4.You can’t go anywhere even when you feel thirsty(口渴的)or hungry.

()5.You can find your way back to your branch room easily without leaving any branches as you walk.

答案

1—5FTTFF

三年模拟全练

拓展训练

1.(江苏滨海第二教研片月考,30,★☆☆)If we do nothing, soon there be no pandas left.

A. canB. mayC. mustD. should

1.答案　B句意:假如我们什么都不做,可能不久的将来就不会有大熊猫了。由句意可知这是一种假设,故用may“可能”符合题意。

2.(河南南阳新野新航中学月考,9,★☆☆)—I think Helen studies English as as Lucy.

—I don’t think so. Helen often makes mistakes.

A. carefulB. carefully

C. more carefulD. more carefully

2.答案　Bas...as意为“和……一样……”,两个as中间用形容词或副词的原级。由句中的动词studies可知要用副词,故答案选B。

3.(山东菏泽单县启智学校期末,15,★★☆)The population of China is thanJapan.

A. larger; inB. larger; in it

C. more; that inD. larger; that of

3.答案　D人口多用large修饰,population是不可数名词,故用that代替。句意:中国的人口比日本的要多。that是指Japan的population,即the population of Japan。

4.(黑龙江哈尔滨四十七中月考,3,★★☆)—Could you tell me how to get good marks in the exam?

—It’s easy. you are, mistakes you will make.

A. The more carefully; the fewer

B. The more careful; the less

C. The more careful; the fewer

4.答案　C“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”,表示“越……,就越……”。设空处句意:你越细心,你犯的错误就会越少。根据句中的are,可知第一空要用形容词比较级;mistakes是可数名词的复数形式,故比较级要用fewer,故答案选C。

5.(江西吉安一中月考,31,★☆☆)—We should do what we can the endangered animals.

—Yes, it’s our duty them.

A.save;to protectB.save;protect

C.to save;protectD.to save;to protect

5.答案　D根据句意可知第一空格处是动词不定式作目的状语;It’s one’s duty to do sth.意为“做某事是某人的职责”。

6.(云南普洱思茅三中月考,28,★★☆)To save animals in danger, people decide to more nature parks.

A.give up B.wake up

C.get up D.set up

6.答案　D句意:为了拯救处于危险中的动物,人们决定建立更多的自然公园。A项“放弃”;B项“叫醒”;C项“起床,起来”;D项“建立”。由句意可知选D。

五年中考全练

拓展训练

Ⅰ.单项选择

1.(黑龙江绥化中考,7,★☆☆)English is as as math.

A. importantB. more important

C. the most important

1.答案　Aas...as...意为“与……一样……”,两个as之间用形容词或副词原级。故选A。

2.(四川内江中考,22,★☆☆)Last Tuesday, Li Ming and I did a survey about our classmates’ birthdays. Most of them were bornAugust, 2002.

A. inB. onC. atD. of

2.答案　A考查介词的用法。in用于年、月和四季等名词之前;on用于具体某一天前;at多用于时刻前。故选A。

3.(江西中考,32,★☆☆)—I want to buy a shirt. But I have a little money.

—The shirts here are all very cheap. And the yellow one is. Do you like it?

A. cheapB. cheaper

C. the cheapestD. expensive

3.答案　C句意:——我想买件衬衣。但是我只有一点钱。——这里的衬衣都非常便宜。那件黄色的是最便宜的。你喜欢它吗?根据题意可知,“我”只有一点钱,所以对方会推荐最便宜的。故选C。

4.(山东德州中考,33,★☆☆)I’ve read through this book several times, but I will read it so as to get a better understanding.

A. more bravely B. less easily

C. less confidently D. more carefully

4.答案　D句意:这本书我已经通读好几遍了,但我要更加认真地阅读它以便获得更好的理解。根据句意可知选D。

5.(山东烟台中考,21,★★☆)Everyone is bornthe ability learn.

A.into;to B. with;to C. on;in D. with;by

5.答案　B句意:每个人出生就具有学习能力。with意思是“带有;具有”,排除A,C;第二个空处是动词不定式作后置定语,修饰ability。故选B。

6.(山西中考,29,★★☆)Miss Li, , is active all the time. Although she has not been well these days, her class is still full of laughter.

A.as you knowB.all in all

C.to start with

6.答案　A句意:如你所知,李老师一直很活跃。虽然这些天她身体不舒服,但她的课堂仍然充满了笑声。as you know意为“如你所知”;all in all意为“总之”;to start with意为“开始”。根据句意可知选A。

7.(湖南怀化中考,25,★☆☆) —Which city is beautiful, Hangzhou, Beijing or Shanghai?

—Hangzhou, I think.

A.the mostB.the betterC.more

7.答案　A句意:——哪个城市最漂亮, 杭州、北京还是上海?——我认为是杭州。由问句中的三个城市可知要用最高级,故选A。

8.(山东济南中考,36,★☆☆)—When is the time to visit Brazil?

—In August and September, I think. Not too cold, not too hot.

A.hottest B.hotter

C.bestD.better

8.答案　C句意:——什么时候是游览巴西最好的时间? ——我认为是在八月和九月。(那时)不太冷也不太热。由Not too cold, not too hot.可知,询问的是参观巴西“最好的”时间。故选C。

9.(安徽中考,35,★☆☆) Mr. Black’s memory is getting . As a result, he often leaves his keys at home.

A.older B.poorer

C.greater D.better

9.答案　B句意:布莱克先生的记忆力变得更差了。因此,他经常把他的钥匙忘在家里。本题考查形容词比较级。older更老的,更旧的;poorer更贫穷的,更差的;greater更伟大的,更棒的;better更好的。根据句意可知应选B。

Ⅱ.词汇题

1.(江苏连云港中考,50,★☆☆)—Come on, Sandy. Everybody will be lucky or (成功的) sometime in their life.

—Thanks, I’ll try again.

2.(安徽中考,91,★☆☆)Mary has developed a new way of life by getting close to n (自然).

答案　1.successful2.nature

核心素养全练

拓展训练

Ⅰ.短文填空

(江苏滨海第二教研片月考)

Do you know all birds protect themselves by listening and watching out for danger? At the smallest sign of it, they will fly away. Birds that cannot fly are often able to swim fast, or run quickly. Some birds make themselves look bigger and more dangerous by fluffing their feathers.

Another important protection for many birds is their colors. Their feathers often have colors that match the things around their nests. Some birds change colors with the seasons. In winter they are white to match the snow. In summer they are brown to match the ground.

People sometimes kill the birds without meaning to. When people cut down forests to build houses and factories, they destroy the homes and food of birds. If the birds have nowhere else to go and nothing to eat, they will die out.

Pollution may cause some birds to die. Birds that eat fish from polluted water get poison in their bodies. Then they cannot lay healthy eggs. New birds can’t be born.

Now people protect birds by passing the laws to control hunting and pollution, by setting up some special parks where all the birds are safe from hunters, and by teaching people to care about birds rather than kill them.

Protection for 　1

How do birds protect themselves?

*By 　2 and watching out for danger.

*By fluffing their 　 3.

*By having colors that 　4 the things around their nests.

*By　5colors.

Why do some birds　6　out?

*People sometimes kill birds 　7 no meaning to.

*　 8 may cause some birds to die.

What action do people take to protect birds?

*By passing the laws to control hunting and pollution.

*By setting up some special 　9.

*By teaching people to 　10 about birds.

Ⅱ.答案　1.Birds/birds2.listening3.feathers4.match

5.changing6.die7.with8.Pollution9.parks/places10.care

Ⅱ.任务型阅读

(湖北黄石中考)

“When it comes to the Earth, there is no time to waste,”says the Earth Day Network. And that is right. Protecting our environment is very important, and World Earth Day was created in 1970 to ask more people to protect our environment. On April 22, people around the world celebrate Earth Day.

Every year there is a special topic, and this year it is “Trees for the Earth”, so Earth Day this year will be all about planting trees. They are planning to plant 7.8 billion trees within the next five years.

That’s a big goal, and you might wonder why trees are so important. Because they can take in carbon dioxide(CO2) and protect the air quality(质量). CO2 is a chemical in our atmosphere, but humans make too much of it. Each person makes about 2.3 tons a year, which is bad for the environment.

Well guess what!Planting new trees is important because people cut down a huge number of trees. Last year, there were 3 trillion trees in the world, about 139 billion in China. But according to China Daily, the world’s total number has been almost cut in half since human civilization(文明)began. That’s because 15 billion trees are cut down every year.

So we need to plant more to make up for(弥补)the ones we lost. One tree can take in 21.8 kilograms of CO2 per year. And it’s still one of the cheapest and best ways to get rid of CO2.

But don’t forget that we can also help the environment by cutting down on how much energy(能源)or water we use every day. Every little thing helps.

根据短文内容,回答问题(1—4),英译汉(5)。

1.When do people around the world celebrate World Earth Day?

2.What is the topic of this year’s Earth Day?

3.Why are trees so important to the earth?

4.How much CO2 can two trees take in each year?

5.Put the sentence “It’s still one of the cheapest and best ways to get rid of CO2.”into Chinese.

答案

1.On April 22.

2.Trees for the Earth.

3.Because they can take in carbon dioxide/CO2 and protect the air quality.

4.43.6 kilograms.