光环不再还是加速脱钩？中国学生赴美留学意愿较疫情前大幅下降

DAY 119

2022.08.14

Source: wsj

来源：华尔街日报

Title: Chinese student visas to U.S. tumble from prepandemic levels

标题：《中国学生赴美签证数量较疫情前大幅下降》

意愿前往美国留学的中国学生数量连年下降，相比之下英国、香港、新加坡成为替代选择

The number of U.S. student visas issued to Chinese nationals plunged by more than 50% in the first half of 2022 compared with pre-Covid levels, with the U.S. losing ground as the most-coveted place for Chinese students to pursue higher education abroad. The drop has dented revenue at big and small colleges and universities around the country, including state flagships.

2022年上半年，发放给中国公民的美国学生签证数量比新冠肺炎疫情前下降了50%以上，美国失去了中国学生最梦寐以求的海外高等教育目的地的地位。这一下降已经影响了全国大小院校的收入，包括州立的旗舰院校。

Even before the pandemic, Chinese students were shifting their study-abroad sights elsewhere, driven by doubts about whether they would feel welcome in the U.S. and the emergence of more domestic and international alternatives. Travel restrictions and heightened safety concerns during the pandemic accelerated that decline.

甚至在疫情爆发之前，中国学生就开始把留学目光转移到其他地方，原因是他们怀疑自己在美国是否会感到受欢迎，以及出现了更多国内和国际替代选择。大流行期间的旅行限制和安全担忧加剧加速了这种下降。

In the first six months of 2022, the U.S. issued 31,055 F-1 visas to Chinese nationals, down from 64,261 for the same period in 2019, according to data from the U.S. State Department.

根据美国国务院的数据，在2022年前6个月，美国向中国公民发放了31,055份F-1签证，低于2019年同期的64261份。

For more than a decade, China has been the top source of international students to the U.S., providing universities with crucial tuition dollars to offset domestic declines and dwindling state funding at public universities. In the 2019-20 academic year, before the pandemic depressed study-abroad numbers, Chinese nationals accounted for 35% of foreigners studying in the U.S. and contributed $15.9 billion in economic value, according to numbers tracked and aggregated by the Institute of International Education's Open Doors report.

十多年来，中国一直是美国最大的国际学生来源国，中国为美国大学提供了至关重要的学费，以抵消美国国内学费下降和公立大学学费下降的影响。根据美国国际教育协会《门户开放报告》跟踪和统计的数据，在疫情导致留学人数下降之前的2019-20学年，中国公民占在美留学总人数的35%，贡献了159亿美元（合约人民币1072亿元）的经济价值。

If U.S. schools can't find other international students, the financial hit could be devastating as federal pandemic relief funds run out.

如果美国学校找不到其他国际学生，随着联邦疫情救济资金耗尽，来自财政上打击可能是毁灭性的。

Keywords: 关键字词：

Issue 发放；签发

Plunge 猛跌；跳水

Covet 渴望；梦寐以求

Pursue 追求

Dent 削减；损害

Flagship 旗舰；一流者

Shift 转换；转移

Sight 视野；目光

Alternative 备选的

Crucial 关键的；重要的

Tuition 学费

Offset 抵销；补偿

Dwindle 减少；缩减

Depress 降低；抑制

Aggregate 合计；总计

Hit 打击

Devastating 毁灭性的

Relief 纾解；缓解

Top comments: 网友热评：

@ignaciojcorr : US college system is Quite EXPENSIVE.

@ignaciojcorr : 美国的大学系统真的太贵了。

@wyattwilsson : Colleges are crying cause now they can't charge more people $50k a year.

@wyattwilsson : 大学们要哭了，因为现在找不到更多的人每年可以收他们5万（约合人民币35万元）的学费了。

@fher_i : If I had the option the US wouldn't have been on my top 3 options. Academic education is ok but the experience is not up to speed as other first world countries.

@fher_i : 如果让我选，美国就不会是我的前3个选择。学术教育还可以，但经验体验跟不上其他第一世界国家的速度。

@jeffrey.alan_wright : I graduated from Cornell College of Architecture, Art, and Planning with a bachelor's degree in architecture. It was the only school that didn't offer me scholarship but I went anyway because it was ranked #1. I truly believe this was one of the biggest mistakes of my life. Other schools would have cost half the price and provide a similar education. University in America is a financial transaction more than a means to education. Instead of eliminating college debt, why not eliminate the need for college for the many jobs that don't require it?

@jeffrey.alan_wright : 我毕业于康奈尔建筑、艺术和规划学院，读了建筑学学士学位。这是唯一一所没有给我奖学金的学校，但我还是去了，因为它排名第一。但我真的认为这是我一生中最大的错误之一。其他学校只需要一半的学费就能提供类似的教育。在美国，大学不仅仅是一种教育手段，更是一种金融交易。与其消除大学债务，为什么不消除许多不需要大学的工作对大学的需求？

小沙咪白话：

一个人如果有机会出国留学，那么这个阶段将不啻为人生成长过程中最重要、最美好、最艰辛、也是留下记忆最深的一段时光。一方面，这个年龄段的学生对世界、对社会、对人生已经开始形成自己的一些观点，但同时这些观点又还远未真正成形到足以构成一个人赖以生活、处世的信条。因而人在这个阶段所经历的一切，都会对往后认知模式的形成产生奠基的作用。因此留学不仅仅是学习，而是在一个全新的环境中体会一番全新的思维和视角，继而又会传导至生活、工作的方方面面，形成一个人思考和做事的逻辑和习惯。中国留学生美签数量的下降，根本原因仍在于两国之间关系的波动。而具体到影响作出留学目的地选择的因素，则主要包括意识形态、社会安全、就业出路等方面，而成本方面的考量相对于美国本地人民而言，反而不那么重要，毕竟能出去留学的都是不差钱儿的主。但眼看着最近两国之间越来越频繁的禁令，未来美国的留学市场怕是会越来越难了。

Sammi's murmur:

If one has the opportunity to study abroad, it surely gonna be the most important, wonderful, tough and memorable period in his or her life. On the one hand, students of this age have begun to form their own opinions about the world, society and life, but at the same time, these opinions are far from being truly formed to constitute a creed by which one can live and behave. Therefore, everything people experience at this stage will play a foundational role in the formation of their later cognitive pattern. Therefore, studying abroad is not only about learning, but also about experiencing a new way of thinking and perspective in a new environment, which will be transmitted to all aspects of life and work and form a person's logic and habits of thinking and doing things. The determinant factor for the decline of the number of Chinese students' visa to U.S is after all the fluctuating relationship between the two countries. And the specific factors that affect the choice of destination of studying include ideology, social security, employment, etc., while the cost considerations are less important than those of local Americans. After all, those who can go abroad to study are those who have enough money. But given the increasing number of recent bans between the two countries, the future of the market of international students in the United States may be getting more noncommital in the future.