双语｜您可能在十年内拥有一个有思维的数字孪生体

Why you may have a thinking digital twin within a decade

一些专家表示，有思维能力的人类数字孪生体可能在未来十年就能出现。

Some experts say that thinking digital twins of humans may be just a decade away

我们大多数人都会被朋友告知，我们有一个分身----他们在街上遇到的某个陌生人，与你有着不可思议的相似之处。

Most of us have been told by a friend that we have a doppelganger - some stranger they passed on the street who bore an uncanny resemblance to you.

但想象一下，如果你能创造你自己的孪生体，一个你自己的精确副本，而他存在于纯粹的数字生活(会怎么样)？

But imagine if you could create your very own twin, an exact copy of yourself, but one that lived a purely digital life?

我们生活在一个时代,在这个时代里现实世界中存在的一切都在被数字化复制---- 我们的城市，我们的汽车，我们的家，甚至我们自己。

We are living in an age where everything that exists in the real world is being replicated digitally - our cities, our cars, our homes, and even ourselves.

就像被大肆炒作的元宇宙一样——计划一个虚拟的数字世界，在这个世界中，你自己的化身会四处走动- 数字孪生体已成为一种新的，被谈论的技术趋势。

And just like the hugely-hyped metaverse - plans for a virtual, digital world where an avatar of yourself would walk around - digital twins have become a new, talked-about tech trend.

数字孪生体是物理世界中某些东西的精确复制品，但具有独特的使命----帮助改进或以其他方式向现实生活中的版本提供反馈。

A digital twin is an exact replica of something in the physical world, but with a unique mission - to help improve, or in some other way provide feedback to, the real-life version.

最初，这种孪生体只是复杂的3D计算机模型，但人工智能（AI）与物联网相结合 - 使用传感器将物理事物连接到网络 - 意味着您现在可以以数字方式构建一些东西，不断学习并帮助改善真正的对应物。

Initially such twins were just sophisticated 3D computer models, but artificial intelligence (AI) combined with the internet of things - which uses sensors to connect physical things to the network - have meant that you can now build something digitally that is constantly learning from and helping improve the real counterpart.

技术分析师Rob Enderle认为，我们将在“本世纪末”拥有第一个有思维的人类数字孪生体的版本。

Technology analyst Rob Enderle believes that we will have the first versions of thinking human digital twins "before the end of the decade".

IMAGE SOURCE,INTEL FREE PRESS

上图:Rob Enderle说，随着人类数字孪生体的出现和发展，有一些伦理方面的问题需要研究。

Rob Enderle says that there are ethical considerations to study as digital human twins are developed

“数字孪生体的出现需要深思熟虑和伦理考量，因为我们自己的思维复制品可能对雇主非常有用，”他说。

“如果你的公司创建了你的一个数字孪生体，并说'嘿，有了你这个数字孪生体，我们无需向其支付工资，那么为什么我们仍然要雇用你呢？'

"The emergence of these will need a huge amount of thought and ethical consideration, because a thinking replica of ourselves could be incredibly useful to employers," he says.

"What happens if your company creates a digital twin of you, and says 'hey, you've got this digital twin who we pay no salary to, so why are we still employing you?'

恩德勒认为，这种数字孪生体的所有权将成为即将到来的元宇宙时代的关键问题之一。

Mr Enderle thinks that ownership of such digital twins will become one of the defining questions of the impending metaverse era.

我们已经开始了人类孪生的旅程 - 以上述化身的形式 - 但这些目前相当笨拙和原始。例如，在Meta（前身为Facebook）的虚拟现实平台平行世界中，你可以给你的化身一个与你自己相像的面孔，但你还不能为它提供任何腿，因为这项技术还处于非常初级的阶段。

We have already started the journey towards human twinning - in the form of the above mentioned avatars - but these are currently rather clunky and primitive. In Meta's (formerly Facebook) virtual reality platform, Horizon Worlds, for example, you may be able to give your avatar a similar face to your own, but you can't even provide it with any legs because the technology is at such early stages.

牛津大学人工智能高级研究员桑德拉·瓦赫特（Sandra Wachter）教授理解创建人类数字孪生体的吸引力，“它让人想起令人兴奋的科幻小说，而这正是它所处的阶段”。

Prof Sandra Wachter, a senior research fellow in AI at Oxford University, understands the appeal of creating digital twins of humans, "it is reminiscent of exciting science fiction novels, and at the moment that is the stage where it is at".

Prof Wachter says that digital human twins remain just science fiction at this stage

上图：Wachter教授说，数字人类孪生体在这个阶段仍然只是科幻小说。

在一级方程式赛车中，迈凯轮和红牛车队使用其赛车的数字化身。

In Formula One racing, the McLaren and Red Bull teams use digital twins of their race cars.

与此同时，快递巨头DHL正在创建其仓库和供应链的数字地图，以提高效率。

Meanwhile, delivery giant, DHL, is creating a digital map of its warehouse and supply chains to allow it to be more efficient.

McLaren has a digital twin of its latest car, which was used to aid its development

上图：迈凯伦拥有其最新汽车的数字孪生体，用于帮助其开发

我们的城市越来越多地在数字世界中被复制;上海和新加坡都有数字孪生体（又称数字模型），旨在帮助改善建筑物、交通系统和街道的设计和运营。

And increasingly our cities are being replicated in the digital world; Shanghai and Singapore both have digital twins, set up to help improve the design and operations of buildings, transport systems and streets.

在新加坡，其数字模型的任务之一是帮助人们寻找新的导航方式，避开污染区域。其他地方使用该技术来解决在哪里建造新的基础设施的问题，如地下线路。中东的新城市正在现实世界和数字世界中进行同步建设。

In Singapore, one of the tasks of its digital twin is to help find new ways for people to navigate, avoiding areas of pollution. Other places use the technology to suggest where to build new infrastructure such as underground lines. And new cities in the Middle East are being built simultaneously in the real world and the digital.

法国软件公司达索系统（Dassault Systemes）表示，现在有成千上万的公司对其数字孪生技术感兴趣。

French software company, Dassault Systemes, says it is now seeing interest from thousands of firms for its digital twins technology.

到目前为止，它的工作包括使用数字模型来帮助护发公司设计更具可持续性的洗发水瓶，而不是无休止地在现实生活中进行原型设计。这减少了浪费。

So far its work has included using digital twins to help a hair care firm digitally design more sustainable shampoo bottles, instead of endless real-life prototyping. This cuts down on waste.

Authorities in Shanghai, pictured, have a digital twin of the city which they use to model its future development

上图：上海当局拥有城市的数字模型，他们用它来模拟其未来发展

数字孪生体模型使其他公司能够设计新的未来项目 - 从喷气背包到带有浮动轮子的摩托车，甚至是飞行汽车。每个模型都有一个物理原型，但对初始模型的改进发生在数字空间中。

And it is enabling other firms to design new futuristic projects - from jetpacks, to motorbikes that have floating wheels, and even flying cars. Each has a physical prototype too, but the refining of that initial model happens in the digital space.

但数字孪生体的真正价值在于医疗保健。

But the real value seen in digital twins is in healthcare.

达索的Living Heart项目创建了一个可供测试和分析的人类心脏的精确虚拟模型，允许外科医生使用各种操作和医疗设备为器官演示一系列“假设”场景。

Dassault's Living Heart project has created an accurate virtual model of the a human heart that can be tested and analysed, allowing surgeons to play out a series of "what if" scenarios for the organ, using various procedures and medical devices.

该项目由Steve Levin博士创立，他有个人原因想要创建一个数字孪生体模型。他的女儿出生时患有先天性心脏病，几年前，当她20多岁并且心力衰竭的风险很高时，他决定在虚拟现实中重现她的心脏。

The project was founded by Dr Steve Levin, who had personal reasons to want to create a digital twin. His daughter was born with congenital heart disease, and a few year's back, when she was in her late 20s and at high risk of heart failure, he decided to recreate her heart in virtual reality.

波士顿儿童医院现在正在使用这项技术来绘制真实的患者心脏情况，而在伦敦的大奥蒙德街医院，一个工程师团队正在与临床医生合作测试设备，以帮助治愈患有罕见的难以治疗的心脏病的儿童。

Boston Children's Hospital is now using this technology to map out real patient heart conditions, while at Great Ormond Street hospital in London, a team of engineers is working with clinicians to test devices that may help children with rare and difficult-to-treat heart conditions.

By BBC技术记者 简.韦克菲尔德