PSLE开考啦！揭秘新加坡小六会考被称为“新加坡高考”的原因

PSLE新加坡小学离校考试（也称为小六会考）几天前开考啦！

毫不夸张地说，在新加坡公立教育体系下学习的小孩，人生的第一道分水岭就是从PSLE（小六会考）开始的。小六会考是新加坡精英教育的第一次大规模分流，小朋友就此分别搭上高铁和普快，基本没得换车。以后还想上高铁，也只有站票了。所以PSLE又因为竞争程度激烈，被称为“新加坡高考”。

PSLE重要性

新加坡小六离校会考（Primary School Leaving Examination，简称PSLE）。听起来平平无奇，但几乎是新加坡最重要的考试，家长为了孩子备考PSLE而辞去工作专职陪伴的大有人在。

新加坡媒体“海峡时报”旗下的Singapolitics网站曾举办投票活动，在2万1000个投票意见中，小六会考是新加坡人关注的10大议题之一。

新加坡国宝级电影人梁智强也以此为题材连拍两部电影《小孩不笨》、《小孩不笨2》，引起了很多人的共鸣。

PSLE分流途径

一场升学考试为什么会有这么高的流量？因为新加坡的精英制度，在这儿体现得杠杠的。完成华文、英文，科学和数学四门科目的考试后，孩子们会分流，进入三个不同等级的中学课程。

直通车计划

考分前5%的学生进入“直通车计划”（IP计划），可以不经过O水准考试直接升JC（初级学院），如同坐上直升机，一览众山小。但大多数学生会升入快捷班（56%）和普通班（38%）。

快捷班

快捷课程学制四年，毕业之后学生需要参加O水准考试，凭成绩决定是升入初级学院还是理工学院等，也相当于进入快车道吧。

普通班

而普通课程的学生学制五年，想要上初级学院更难。他们需要通过两次考试，成绩优异者才能念初级学院。只通过一次考试的人只能上技术学院。

以此类推，虽然新加坡的大学也会面向技术学院招生，但该类学生会面临考试难度的问题。崇尚精英教育的新加坡通过层层筛选之后，只有30%的学生能进入大学。体制结构更像一把漏斗，学生分化就从PSLE开始。

2019年QS世界大学排名

父母的努力

或许教育部“因材施教”的出发点是好的，问题是谁能接受自己的孩子在分流中被导入“末流”？分流是残酷的，你不努力就会被抛下，除了帮助孩子力争上游，别无选择。

甚至在新加坡还发展出一类特别的辅导机构，专门为父母们开放，学习内容就是孩子们的小学课程。这些操心的家长希望回家后能更好的辅导孩子。BBC曾报道过这类机构的收费，4天课程得花费家长们500新元。

这些操心的父母们还有个专有名词叫“Kiasu”（怕输），网站Kiasu Parents（怕输父母）也是特别红火，家长们互相交流教育心得、考试秘笈。

PSLE引发讨论

PSLE应不应该进行分流？这是新加坡教育界人士一直争论不休的问题。只能说，分流对于有能力的人是机遇，而对于没有能力的人是恶梦。

再上一张新加坡教育分流导致的人生殊途，给大家感受一下酸爽：

这个世界恐怕永远也做不到资源绝对平均，那么考试分数，也许是唯一看起来最公平的衡量标准。

PSLE重大改革

教育部宣布，从2021年起，小六会考将以“八级”的积分等级（Achievement Level，简称AL）制，来评估学生自身学习表现，弱化现在实行的具体分数的比较，给孩子们带去的压力。

AL制共分AL1-AL8，数字最小，成绩越好。

Standard级别（难）转换表如下

Foundation（简单）级别转换表如下

按照这个标准，最优秀的学生选择四个较难级的考试，最好可以只积4分，最差积32分，而一旦选择了简单级别的考试，一门课最少也要积6分。

所以应运而生的中学入学分数就变成了4-20分进EXPRESS（快捷），23-24分进普通学术，25以上是普通工艺......见下图：

平分怎么办？

现行的积分制度，很容易造成平分，教育部也公布了这种情况怎么办，校方将根据以下三个条件来分配学额：

国籍（公民优先）

所选择的学校次序

电脑抽签

如果报读特选中学，修读高级华文的学生将有优先权。

进入中学后能否读高级母语

进入中学后，在新的积分等级制度下，如果要选修高级母语，学生必须：

小六会考四个科目总成绩须不超过8分；

或总成绩介于9至14分，但当中在母语科考取AL1或AL2等级，

或高级母语科考取特优或优。

以上三条都没达到的，学校也会根据综合成绩酌情考量

而目前的规则则是，小六会考成绩在前10%或成绩前30%+母语考到90分以上，整体来看，新规后读高级华语的优势会缩小。

可能，很多家长不再让孩子选高华，华语在新加坡的推广形式...不容乐观。

新加坡最好的中学之一：南洋女中

从2020年小五生开始，学校发给小五和小六生的学校考试成绩单将呈现学生各科的积分等级，让学生与家长熟悉新的积分等级制。

教育部将在2021年上半年，提供各所中学以积分等级计算的截分点，帮助家长和学生选中学时做出知情的选择。这些截分点将根据2020年中学分配活动结果推算。　

中学参考排名

孩子能升学到什么样的初中，除了孩子自己的PSLE成绩之外，家长们还要参考以往的中学录取的PSLE成绩区间。

2018新加坡政府中学“排名”和录取分数线

Nanyang Girls’ High School IP SAP (girls) – 264

Raffles Girls’ School (Secondary) IP (girls) – 261

Raffles Institution IP (boys) – 260

Hwa Chong Institution IP SAP (boys) – 259

Methodist Girls’ School (Secondary) IB (girls) – 259

CHIJ St. Nicholas Girls’ School IP SAP (girls) – 257

Dunman High School IP SAP (co-ed) – 257

Anglo-Chinese School (Independent) IB (boys) – 256

National Junior College IP (co-ed) – 256

Methodist Girls’ School (Secondary) O-levels (girls) – 255

Cedar Girls’ Secondary School IP (girls) – 254

CHIJ St. Nicholas Girls’ School O-levels SAP (girls) – 253

St. Joseph’s Institution IB (boys) – 253

Catholic High School IP SAP (boys) – 252

Singapore Chinese Girls’ School IP (girls) – 252

Singapore Chinese Girls’ School O-levels (girls) – 252

Victoria School IP (boys) – 252

River Valley High School IP SAP (co-ed) – 251

Anglo-Chinese School (Independent) O-levels (boys) – 250

Cedar Girls’ Secondary School – O-levels (girls) – 250

Paya Lebar Methodist Girls’ School (Secondary) (girls) – 250

Temasek Junior College IP (co-ed) – 250

Catholic High School O-levels SAP (boys) – 248

St. Andrew’s Secondary School (boys) – 246

Anderson Secondary School (co-ed) – 245

Bukit Panjang Govt. High School (co-ed) – 245

St. Joseph’s Institution O-levels (boys) – 245

Victoria School – O-levels (boys) – 245

CHIJ Secondary (Toa Payoh) (girls) – 243

Nan Hua High School SAP (co-ed) – 243

Anglo-Chinese School (Barker Road) (boys) – 241

Crescent Girls’ School (girls) – 241

Fairfield Methodist School (Secondary) (co-ed) – 241

Nan Chiau High School SAP (co-ed) – 241

Chung Cheng High School (Main) SAP (co-ed) – 240

St. Margaret’s Secondary School (girls) – 240

Swiss Cottage Secondary School (co-ed) – 240

Anglican High School SAP (co-ed) – 238

Chung Cheng High School (Yishun) (co-ed) – 237

Commonwealth Secondary School (co-ed) – 237

Ngee Ann Secondary School (co-ed) – 237

Maris Stella High School SAP (boys) – 236

Yishun Town Secondary School (co-ed) – 235

CHIJ St. Theresa’s Convent (girls) – 234

Xinmin Secondary School (co-ed) – 233

Fuhua Secondary School (co-ed) – 232

Tanjong Katong Secondary School (co-ed) – 232

Zhonghua Secondary School (co-ed) – 232

CHIJ St. Joseph’s Convent (girls) – 231

Kuo Chuan Presbyterian Secondary School (co-ed) – 231

Presbyterian High School (co-ed) – 231

Riverside Secondary School (co-ed) – 231

Temasek Secondary School (co-ed) – 231

Clementi Town Secondary School (co-ed) – 230

Dunman Secondary School (co-ed) – 229

Holy Innocents’ High School (co-ed) – 229

Tanjong Katong Girls’ School (girls) – 229

Kranji Secondary School (co-ed) – 228

St. Hilda’s Secondary School (co-ed) – 228

Ang Mo Kio Secondary School (co-ed) – 226

Bowen Secondary School (co-ed) – 226

Evergreen Secondary School (co-ed) – 225

CHIJ Katong Convent (girls) – 224

Edgefield Secondary School (co-ed) – 224

Gan Eng Seng School (co-ed) – 224

Geylang Methodist School (Secondary) (co-ed) – 224

St. Gabriel’s Secondary School (boys) – 224

Jurong Secondary School (co-ed) – 223

Bukit Batok Secondary School (co-ed) – 222

Hua Yi Secondary School (co-ed) – 221

St. Anthony’s Canossian Secondary School (girls) – 221

Hai Sing Catholic School (co-ed) – 220

Mayflower Secondary School (co-ed) – 220

West Spring Secondary School (co-ed) – 219

Ahmad Ibrahim Secondary School (co-ed) – 218

Pei Hwa Secondary School (co-ed) – 217

Pasir Ris Secondary School (co-ed) – 216

Pasir Ris Crest Secondary School (co-ed) – 215

Unity Secondary School (co-ed) – 215

Deyi Secondary School (co-ed) – 213

Bedok View Secondary School (co-ed) – 212

Chua Chu Kang Secondary School (co-ed) – 212

Queensway Secondary School (co-ed) – 212

Woodlands Ring Secondary School (co-ed) – 212

Beatty Secondary School (co-ed) – 210

Yuan Ching Secondary School (co-ed) – 210

Hillgrove Secondary School (co-ed) – 209

Compassvale Secondary School (co-ed) – 208

Peirce Secondary School (co-ed) – 208

Zhenghua Secondary School (co-ed) – 208

North Vista Secondary School (co-ed) – 206

Orchid Park Secondary School (co-ed) – 206

Bedok South Secondary School (co-ed) – 205

Bukit View Secondary School (co-ed) – 205

Meridian Secondary School (co-ed) – 204

Westwood Secondary School (co-ed) – 204

Woodgrove Secondary School (co-ed) – 204

Kent Ridge Secondary School (co-ed) – 203

Montfort Secondary School (boys) – 202

Greendale Secondary School (co-ed) – 201

Jurongville Secondary School (co-ed) – 201

Christ Church Secondary School (co-ed) – 200

Yishun Secondary School (co-ed) – 200

New Town Secondary School (co-ed) – 199

Tampines Secondary School (co-ed) – 199

Greenridge Secondary School (co-ed) – 197

Jurong West Secondary School (co-ed) – 195

Canberra Secondary School (co-ed) – 194

Juying Secondary School (co-ed) – 194

Seng Kang Secondary School (co-ed) – 194

Admiralty Secondary School (co-ed) – 193

Naval Base Secondary School (co-ed) – 193

Teck Whye Secondary School (co-ed) – 192

Regent Secondary School (co-ed) – 191

Hougang Secondary School (co-ed) – 190

Bukit Merah Secondary School (co-ed) – 189

Guangyang Secondary School (co-ed) – 189

Outram Secondary School (co-ed) – 189

Serangoon Garden Secondary School (co-ed) – 189

Springfield Secondary School (co-ed) – 189

Assumption English School (co-ed) – 188

Bartley Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Bedok Green Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Bendemeer Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Boon Lay Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Broadrick Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Changkat Changi Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Damai Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Dunearn Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

East Spring Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

East View Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Fajar Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Fuchun Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Hong Kah Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Junyuan Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Loyang Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Manjusri Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Marsiling Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Northbrooks Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Northland Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Peicai Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Ping Yi Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Punggol Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Queenstown Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Sembawang Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Serangoon Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Shuqun Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Tanglin Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Whitley Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Woodlands Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Yio Chu Kang Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Yuhua Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Yusof Ishak Secondary School (co-ed) – 188

Yuying Secondary School (co-ed) – 188