走进新加坡Equinix的SG5数据中心
Inside Equinix’s SG5, Singapore’s tallest multi-tenant data center
译 者 说
Equinix作为全球知名数据中心运营商，目前的发展战略聚焦在业务的可持续性方面，其致力于全球数据中心平台上100%利用可再生能源。新设施SG5数据中心配备了Equinix冷却阵列的表面冷却技术，减少了水源和电力的消耗，可以满足高密度业务类型的需求，符合数据中心低PUE和高效节能创新发展的战略方针。研究全球高性能的数据中心对于我国数据中心行业的发展具有借鉴意义。
Equinix最新的数据中心有九层楼，还不包括用于燃料的地下储罐。
Equinix’s newest data center spans nine stories, not counting underground storage tanks for fuel.
从2002年开始运营的Equinix公司在新加披数据中心行业内小有名气。在这过去的20年里，该公司在新加坡这个岛国上已稳步发展到了五个数据中心，最新的一个数据中心是去年才投入使用的。
Equinix is no stranger to the data center hub of Singapore, where it has been operating since 2002. In the intervening two decades, it has steadily grown its portfolio of data centers in the island state to five facilities, with the newest launched.
以最初投资1.44亿美元建设、于2022年8月投入使用的、九层楼高的SG5是新加披最高的数据中心——至少在紧邻SG5的Facebook的11层楼高的数据中心建成之前是这样的。
Constructed with an initial investment of $144 million, and opened in August 2022, the nine-story SG5 is the tallest data center in Singapore - at least until Facebook’s mammoth 11-story facility goes live, virtually next door.
即使Facebook的数据中心投入使用了，在这个数据中心密集、且数据中心用电占可用电力资源7%的国家，SG5依旧是租户最多的企业。
Even when the Facebook tower opens, SG5 will still be the tallest multi-tenant facility in the data center-dense nation, where data centers consume a staggering seven percent of the available electrical power.
为何SG5如此重要
Why SG5 matters
SG5的名气不仅来自其建筑高度。它是Equinix在新加坡建设的第五个数据中心、也是它在新加坡建设的第二个绿色数据中心。Equinix在2015年投入使用了第一个绿色数据中心SG3。两者之间有着明显的不同。
SG5 is noteworthy for more than its height. It’s Equinix’s fifth data center in Singapore, but only its second greenfield facility here. Its first greenfield, SG3, launched in 2015, and there are clear differences between the two.
了解当前Equinix如何在一个土地资源稀缺的热带地区设计数据中心，是一个有意思的话题。
It would be interesting to see how Equinix would design a data center for a tropical, land-scarce location if it started on a new project today.
另外一个关于SG5的重要的事实是，它是在2019年暂停新建数据中心政策发布前获批建设的。虽然今年取消了此暂停令，但新建的数据中心将受限于大量的关于PUE及能源创新使用方面的指导方针。尽管这些规定尚未完善，但可以肯定地是，未来数据中心将会发生较大的变化。
Another significant fact about SG5 is it was approved before a moratorium on new data centers in 2019. Though the moratorium was lifted this year, new data centers will now be subject to a raft of guidelines around PUE and innovation around energy use. Though the rules are still being ironed out, it is safe to say that future data centers will be quite different.
如果不了解新加坡国内Equinix其它数据中心的概况，就难以完成对SG5数据中心的研究。Equinix声称它在新加坡拥有最密集的网络数据中心，且容纳了大量连接南亚的国际和地区的网络。
An exploration of SG5 won’t be complete without an overview of the other Equinix data centers in the country. Equinix claims that it hosts the most network-dense data centers in Singapore, housing many of the international and regional networks connecting South Asia.
这其中大部分研究可能要追溯到Equinix公司位于亚逸拉惹湾的SG1数据中心。该中心是亚太网络运营中心，且经常在当地电信供应商和竞争对手的展示平台上以“运营商旅店”的标签匿名出现。
Much of this can probably be traced to Equinix’s SG1 data center at Ayer Rajah Crescent, which houses its Asia-Pacific Network Operation Center (NOC) and is often anonymized with the tag of “carrier hotel” on the presentation decks of local telecommunication providers and competitors alike.
虽然从数据中心的周期来看，SG1已经很老旧了，它通过一个专用光纤通道连接到紧邻的、更大且专门建造的SG3数据中心。最重要的是，所有Equinix的数据中心都是跨越岛屿的都市区域网络的一部分，均使用环形拓扑结构以避免单点故障。
Though SG1 is old in data center terms, it is supported by fiber optic connectivity that goes under a driveway to the larger, purpose-built SG3 right next door. Crucially, all Equinix data centers are part of an island-spanning metropolitan area network, built using a ring topology for protection against a single point of failure.
走进Equinix SG数据中心
Inside Equinix SG5
去年，在新加坡放松新冠疫情管控的限制后不久，DCD受邀参观了SG5数据中心。其位于Sunview Drive的Tanjong Kling数据中心园区内，与即将建成的Facebook的数据中心隔街相望，毗邻2016年参观过的印尼电信的Telin 3。
DCD was invited to visit SG5 last year, as Covid restrictions eased in Singapore and shortly after its official launch. Located in the Tanjong Kling data center park at Sunview Drive, the new facility is right across the street from Facebook’s upcoming data center and adjacent to Telecom Indonesia’s Telin 3, which we toured in 2016.
SG5所在的位置方便设计师结合其位置特点来提高系统的可靠性和安全性，例如可以充分将三个光纤路径用于不同的连接。和新加坡所有的新数据中心一样，该建筑符合新加坡金融管理局(MAS)的威胁和脆弱性风险评估(TVRA)指南。
SG5’s location in a data center park allowed designers to incorporate features to enhance reliability and security, such as its three fiber paths for diverse connectivity. And like all new data centers in Singapore, the building is compliant with the Threat and Vulnerability Risk Assessment (TVRA) guidelines from the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS).
院落的入口处有一座独立的安全大楼，供安全人员核实访客的身份。大楼前面有一个小型私人停车场，你可以穿过它进入大楼。
The compound is fronted by a standalone security building at the entrance for security personnel to verify the identities of visitors. There is a small private car park in front of the building, which you cross to enter the building.
据Equinix公司所说，SG5建设初期可以提供1300个机柜的初始容量，最近扩展到了2950机柜的容量。等全面建设完毕，SG5预计可以容纳5000个机柜。SG5的数据机房位于一层和顶层的9层之间，即意味着SG5有7层可以存放数据机柜。
According to Equinix, the first phase saw SG5 offering an initial capacity of 1,300 cabinets, which was recently expanded to 2,950 cabinets. When fully built, SG5 will hold 5,000 cabinets. Data halls are located between the ground level and the roof at level nine, giving it seven floors worth of data halls.
SG5数据中心由双冗余66kV电源供电，由专为数据中心园区建设的变电站供电。据了解，2层至4层数据机房总共可以提供的电量达到21MW。而其余4层数据机房按照每层最大可提供3MW电量设计。
The facility is powered by dual redundant 66kV power feeds, supplied from dedicated substations built to serve the data center park. It is understood that level 2 through to level 4 offers 21MW of power in total, while the next four levels are designed to support up to 3MW per floor.
复杂的设计
Sophisticated design
SG5数据中心的设计显然最大限度地利用了大楼的每一寸空间：备用发电机和高效水冷式制冷机组分别安装在屋顶的上下两层。采用地下储油罐为备用发电机供给柴油，且后备电源采用锂电池的UPS——这种电池比传统的铅酸蓄电池占地面积更小。
SG5 was clearly designed to maximize every inch of its compound: Backup generators and high-efficiency water-cooled chillers are installed on the roof, which comes with upper and lower levels. The diesel fuel for powering the backup generators is stored underground, while backup power is supplied from lithium-ion UPS – which have a smaller footprint than traditional lead-acid batteries.
数据机房中有一个很有意思的设置：每层的两个数据机房都用风扇墙冷却，Equinix称之为Equinix冷却阵列。它们占据了每个数据大厅的整个长度，被定位为热通道和冷通道部署的一部分。
Things get interesting inside the data halls: each of the two data halls on each level is cooled with a fan wall, which Equinix calls the Equinix Cooling Array. These take up the entire length of each data hall and are positioned as part of a hot-aisle and cold-aisle deployment.
此外，Equinix取消架空地板的设计，各层加到一起大概节省了6.5米板到板的高度，这使得在建筑的高度限制内可以增加更多的楼层，且不影响其支持高机架的能力。
In addition, Equinix has eschewed a raised floor design altogether, which together with a slab-to-slab height of 6.5m presumably allowed for more floors within the building’s height restriction without compromising its ability to support tall racks.
Equinix公司表示，Equinix的冷却阵列可以支持高密度功率的客户，同时减少水电消耗的需求。毫无疑问，这对于倾向于推出更标准化系统的超大规模数据中心来说是最优的配置，但缺点是需要对机柜功率需求较小的托管客户进行更精细的规划和空间分配。
Equinix says its Equinix Cooling Array supports high-density customers whilst reducing water and power consumption needs. But though there is no question that this is optimal for hyperscalers which tend to roll out more standardized systems, the downside is the need for more careful planning and allocation of space for smaller colocation customers.
未来的发展趋势
The shape of things to come
Equinix南亚区董事总经理Yee May Leong表示，与由仓库改造而成的SG4不同，SG5从最开始的地基阶段就就是按照数据中心来考虑设计的，这意味着它的空间、高度和各种技术规格都达到了优配。
Unlike SG4 which was converted from a warehouse, the foundation of SG5 was designed from the very beginning to be a data center, which means its space, height, and various technical specifications are optimized, says Yee May Leong, the managing director of South Asia at Equinix.
当被问及Equinix冷却阵列时，Leong指出，这是Equinix可持续发展研究的一个创新。她补充说:“我们一直在关注我们设计和施工的方方面面，以思考我们如何能更快、更高效以及更节能地建造它。
When asked about the Equinix Cooling Array, Leong noted that it was an example of a creation that came out of Equinix’s sustainability research. She added: “We are constantly looking at our design and construction to review how we can build it faster, more efficiently, [and with higher] energy savings.”
事实上，Equinix公司关注可持续性已经有一段时间了。之前也曾透露过：自2020年以来，该公司在新加坡开始全部使用可再生能源投入建设。Leong迫切地强调了数据中心为今天的数字经济带来的价值。另外她也强调并不是所有的数据中心都是一样的，她把超大规模且独立运营的供应商和零售托管供应商区分开来。
Indeed, Equinix has had its eyes on sustainability for a while now and had previously revealed that it has operated with 100 percent renewable energy in Singapore since 2020. Leong was eager to highlight the value that data centers bring to today’s digital economy in general, though she also emphasized that not all data centers are the same, drawing a distinction between hyperscale facilities operated by a single provider and retail colocation providers.
在这种情况下，Leong认为：Equinix的使命是为每一个“零售数据中心”提供稳健的数字生态系统和基本的服务。
In that vein, Leong sees Equinix’s mission as an “everyday retail data center” to power the digital ecosystems and essential services.
Leong也表示：“鉴于暂停禁令的发布：对于我们的目标客户而言，我们是有战略优势的。我们希望可以确保这些客户继续帮助推动数字经济，他们不仅仅是为了托管运营，更是与我们的云连接，与我们的商业伙伴连接，与网络和不同的企业连接。”
“[Given the moratorium], we are very strategic in terms of the customers we want. We want to ensure that these are customers that will help continue to enable the digital economy, [that they are not here] just for colocation, but [are here to] interconnect to our clouds, interconnect to our business partners, interconnect to the network and the different enterprises,” she said.
暂停禁令虽已正式解除，但现在看来这些限制也意味着Leong的预言很有可能成为现实。
The moratorium has since been officially lifted, but the restrictions mean that Leong’s words are probably just as true now.
深 知 社
翻译：
闫晓安
捷通智慧科技股份有限公司 电气设计
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